{"id":306,"date":"2018-05-11T11:39:15","date_gmt":"2018-05-11T11:39:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cmic-mobilize.org\/?p=306"},"modified":"2021-05-26T11:33:09","modified_gmt":"2021-05-26T15:33:09","slug":"lencampement-des-refugies-syriens-au-moyen-orient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cmic-mobilize.org\/fr\/lencampement-des-refugies-syriens-au-moyen-orient\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Titre : Conf\u00e9rence du 19 octobre 2017 intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par M. Mustafa El Miri<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Auteur: Sophie Dahdouh<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dans cette conf\u00e9rence, M. El Miri a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des r\u00e9flexions sur les cat\u00e9gories et la g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie des migrations au Moyen-Orient. Comme il le stipule, le probl\u00e8me des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle internationale pr\u00e9occupe la \u00ab\u00a0classe politique\u00a0\u00bb europ\u00e9enne depuis un certain temps. Si\u00a0la pers\u00e9cution de la population syrienne par le r\u00e9gime bassiste dirig\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident Bachar El Assad engendra une condamnation internationale intense, malgr\u00e9 les interventions am\u00e9ricaine et europ\u00e9enne dans cette guerre civile, notamment par la fourniture d\u2019armes et l\u2019incitation des Syriens \u00e0 se rebeller contre le r\u00e9gime syrien, cela n\u2019a pas suscit\u00e9 ou provoqu\u00e9 une ouverture des fronti\u00e8res consid\u00e9rable, telle que d\u00e9crite de mani\u00e8re exag\u00e9r\u00e9e par les m\u00e9dias, aux r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens.<\/p>\n<p>Les pays \u00ab\u00a0occidentaux\u00a0\u00bb refusent ces derniers au moyen des activit\u00e9s s\u00e9mantiques qu\u2019ils entreprennent. Il y a cette id\u00e9e d\u2019\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0ind\u00e9sirables\u00a0\u00bb qui surgit implicitement ou explicitement dans les d\u00e9bats publics. Pensons \u00e0 la notion de \u00ab\u00a0crise de migrants\u00a0\u00bb (et non pas de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s) qui est une mani\u00e8re d\u00e9tourn\u00e9e, comme le souligne M. El Miri, de ne pas reconna\u00eetre le droit international. L\u2019unit\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne se construit, d\u2019apr\u00e8s lui, par l\u2019exclusion de ces derniers dont l\u2019arriv\u00e9e soul\u00e8ve la question de \u00ab\u00a0remplacement\u00a0\u00bb des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d\u2019accueil et celle de la souverainet\u00e9 des \u00c9tats per\u00e7ue comme \u00e9tant menac\u00e9e. L\u2019id\u00e9e de \u00ab\u00a0dangerosit\u00e9 construite\u00a0\u00bb, la crainte que les terroristes soient infiltr\u00e9s parmi les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens, devient ainsi centrale dans les d\u00e9bats.<\/p>\n<p>Comme le stipule M. El Miri, ces derniers se sont principalement dirig\u00e9s vers des zones du Moyen-Orient telles que la Turquie, la Jordanie et le Liban, leur arriv\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0massive\u00a0\u00bb en Europe \u00e9tant en fin de compte un \u00ab\u00a0mythe\u00a0\u00bb dans les faits. Toutefois, la fermeture des fronti\u00e8res de ces pays se produit en raison de la pression d\u00e9mographique et la crainte de l\u2019importation du conflit, ce qui ne freine pas pour autant l\u2019industrie du passage ill\u00e9gal.<\/p>\n<p>On assiste alors \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019encampement\u00a0\u00bb des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s dans des d\u00e9serts tels qu\u2019en Jordanie ou dans des endroits isol\u00e9s \u00e0 la marge de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019accueil, ce qui les pousse \u00e0 une instabilit\u00e9 permanente. Non seulement les politiques de logement sont inexistantes mais, de plus, ils n\u2019ont souvent pas le droit de travailler sur place, une situation qui augmente leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 et leur d\u00e9pendance envers l\u2019agence du Haut Commissaire des Nations Unies pour les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s (HCR) qui soutient des conceptions des politiques sociales d\u00e9fendant le principe du \u00ab\u00a0traitement individualis\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. Le d\u00e9classement \u00e9conomique de ces derniers s\u2019en suit donc, les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens \u00e9tant confront\u00e9s \u00e0 la baisse de la r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration due \u00e0 leur arriv\u00e9e massive. Or, malgr\u00e9 le fait que leur figure ou leur image est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la marginalit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la d\u00e9linquance, ils tentent de renverser les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s et les stigmates \u00e0 leur endroit en s\u2019ins\u00e9rant sur le march\u00e9 du travail pour se construire socialement et ne plus d\u00e9pendre de l\u2019aide internationale, la route migratoire clandestine vers l\u2019Europe n\u2019\u00e9tant pas leur choix premier.<\/p>\n<p>Enfin, ce dont nous rappelle M. El Miri est que la crise syrienne n\u2019est point une crise interne mais une crise internationale, une \u00ab\u00a0crise mondialis\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb comme il le stipule. L\u2019accueil des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s est avant tout un \u00ab\u00a0probl\u00e8me social\u00a0\u00bb. La dimension \u00ab\u00a0nationale\u00a0\u00bb de cette notion de \u00ab\u00a0capacit\u00e9 d\u2019accueil\u00a0\u00bb, souvent invoqu\u00e9e par les d\u00e9mocraties occidentales, est bien politique, l\u2019ouverture politique de ces pays \u00e9tant ce qui pose r\u00e9ellement probl\u00e8me et explique la non application du statut de \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb pour les Syriens en accentuant leur vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Titre : Conf\u00e9rence du 19 octobre 2017 intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par M. Mustafa El Miri Auteur: Sophie Dahdouh &nbsp; Dans cette conf\u00e9rence, M. El Miri a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des r\u00e9flexions sur les cat\u00e9gories et la g\u00e9n\u00e9alogie des migrations au Moyen-Orient. Comme il le stipule, le probl\u00e8me des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle internationale [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-classifiee"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.11 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0 - Community Mobilization in Crisis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cmic-mobilize.org\/fr\/lencampement-des-refugies-syriens-au-moyen-orient\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0 - Community Mobilization in Crisis\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Titre : Conf\u00e9rence du 19 octobre 2017 intitul\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0L\u2019encampement des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par M. 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